Alkaline extraction
Ntau tshaj 80 feem puamov proteinyog alkali-soluble glutenin. Dilute alkali tuaj yeem loosen cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hauv cov nplej, thiab alkali tuaj yeem degrade macromolecular nplej glutenin, kom cov protein nyob hauv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tuaj yeem yaj thiab sib cais. Sun Qingjie et al. tau kawm txog cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev rho tawm cov nplej protein nrog sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Thaum qhov concentration ntawm NaOH yog 0.09 mol / L, tus nqi rho tawm ntawm nplej protein mus txog 90.1 feem pua. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm NaOH concentration, qhov rho tawm ntawm cov nplej protein ntau ntxiv; tab sis qhov concentration siab dhau lawm. , cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yuav gelatinize. Alkaline extraction ntawm mov protein yog yooj yim, tab sis vim degradation
Nyob rau hauv siab alkali tej yam kev mob, lub protein yield yog feem ntau tsis tshua muaj, thiab nws yuav ua rau intermolecular cross-coupling thiab rearrangement, uas ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov protein, thiab tsim cov tshuaj lom xws li Lysinoalnine. Cov txheej txheem alkaline extraction yog: nplej hmoov los yog nplej bran ntxiv alkali → centrifugation → protein tov → kua qaub → centrifugation → dej ntxuav → acid neutralization → ziab → mov protein.
Enzymatic extraction
Enzymatic extraction yog siv cov protease degrade thiab hloov cov nplej protein, kom nws dhau los ua peptide soluble thiab muab rho tawm. Cov microbial proteases tam sim no siv los rho cov nplej protein muaj xws li acid protease, alkaline protease, nruab nrab protease thiab composite protease. Ge Na li al pom tias acid protease muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws rho tawm ntawm cov nplej protein, ua raws li alkaline protease, thiab cov nyhuv extraction ntawm tsw protease thiab nruab nrab protease yog qhov phem tshaj. Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas cov kua qaub protease tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog macromolecular nplej glutenin zoo dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab dhau los ua xoob, yog li cov protease tuaj yeem ua rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab los txhawb cov protein degradation thiab kev sib cais, thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Feem ntau, cov nyhuv ntawm ib qho enzyme tsis zoo li ntawm cov enzyme sib xyaw. Qian Ying et al. kho mov nrog ib tug tshiab composite hydrolase nyob rau hauv qis kub kom tau high-purity mov protein nrog ib tug protein cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau tshaj 75 feem pua. Lub enzymatic extraction ntawm cov protein muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub thiab kev zom zaub mov ntau dua; Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm rho tawm ntev dua thiab tus nqi siab dua. Cov txheej txheem yog: nplej hmoov los yog nplej bran → protease hydrolysis → centrifugal cais → protein kua → ultrafiltration → ziab → mov protein.
Step-by-step hydrolysis extraction
Step-by-step hydrolysis extraction method combines alkali thiab enzyme rau step-by-step extraction. Wang Yalin et al. thawj zaug muab rho tawm ib feem ntawm cov protein los ntawm txoj kev daws alkaline, thiab tom qab ntawd siv alkaline protease kom me ntsis hydrolyze cov seem los txhim kho cov solubility ntawm cov protein. Chi Mingmei et al. siv cov enzyme-alkali ob-kauj ruam txoj hauv kev los rho cov nplej protein, ua ntej ib nrab enzymatically hydrolyzed starch nrog -amylase kom loosen cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab mov protein, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov khoom enzymatic hydrolysis rau alkali-soluble acid nag los rau extract protein, thiab cov nplej protein tau txais. purity yog 85.1 feem pua; Txawm li cas los xij, qhov demarcation point ntawm step-by-step hydrolysis txoj kev tsis yooj yim los tswj, thiab xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.
Txoj kev rho tawm tshiab
Cov kev tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws tau pom tias kev siv sonic nthwv dej, khov-thaw, kev kub siab thiab kev kub ceev homogenization thiab lwm yam kev kho lub cev ua ke nrog kev kho enzyme tau zoo dua hauv kev rho tawm cov protein los ntawm cov nplej nplej. Issara Sereewatthanawut et al. ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev rho tawm cov nplej protein thiab cov amino acids los ntawm defatted nplej bran los ntawm subcritical dej hydrolysis. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov dej subcritical ntawm qhov kub ntawm 200 degree thiab lub sij hawm tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 30 min, cov dej subcritical tuaj yeem ua tau zoo extract nplej protein thiab amino acids los ntawm defatted nplej bran, thiab cov protein tau txais.
Tus nqi yog siab dua li cov tsoos alkaline hydrolysis extraction. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias, cov protein rho tawm kuj nce ntxiv, uas yog vim qhov nce ntawm cov protein solubility ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog qhov kub thiab txias, qhov ionization tas li nce, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrate ions thiab hydroxide ions, peptide bonds tau tawg los ua cov molecules me me ntawm cov proteins uas degradable thiab amino acids. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, lub extraction ntawm mov protein los ntawm mov bran yog tam sim no kev taw qhia ntawm kev siv ntawm mov. Rau lub hauv paus no, nws tau cog lus tias yuav tsim cov khoom muaj nqis ntxiv rau cov hmoov nplej protein thiab cov peptides nquag thiab lwm yam khoom.
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